GELOMBANG TRANSVERSAL
Gelombang, Jika kita berbicara masalah gelombang maka yang dibahas pertama kali pastilah macam-macam dari gelombang itu sendiri. Adapun macam-macam dari gelombang itu sendiri adalah gelombang transversal, gelombang longitudinal, gelombang stationer, gelombang elektromagnetik, dan masih banyak lagi yang lain.
Pada permasalahan kali ini, kita akan membahas tentang gelombang transversal. Sebelum kita membahas apa itu gelombang transversal, kita harus mengetahui terlebih dulu arti dari gelombang. Gelombang adalah bentuk dari getaran yang merambat pada suatu medium. Gelombang terjadi karena adanya usikan yang merambat. Menurut konsep fisika, cerminan gelombang merupakan rambatan usikan, sedangkan mediumnya tetap. Jadi, gelombang merupakan rambatan pemindahan energi tanpa diikuti pemindahan massa medium.
Nah sekarang kita membahas apa itu gelombang transversal. Gelombang transversal adalah gelombang yang arah rambatannya tegak lurus arah getarannya ( usikannya ).
Untuk lebih jelasnya lihat gambar dibawah ini :
Contoh gelombang transversal :
- getaran sinar gitas yang dipetik
- getaran tali yang digoyang-goyangkan pada salah satu ujungnya
Pada gelombang transversal, satu panjang gelombang terdiri atas 3 simpul dan 2 perut. Jarak antara dua simpul atau dua perut yang berurutan disebut setengah panjang gelombang atau ½ λ (lambda). Sedangkan cepat rambat gelombang adalah jarak yang ditempuh oleh gelombang dalam satu sekon. Cepat rambat gelombang dilambangkan dengan v dan satuannya m/s atau m s-1. Hubungan v,f,λ, dan T adalah :
λ = v.T
λ = v/f
v = λ.f
dengan,
λ = panjang gelombang , satuannya meter ( m )
v = kecepatan rambatan gelombang, satuannya meter / sekon ( ms-1 )
T = periode gelombang , satuannya detik atau sekon ( s )
f = frekuensi gelombang, satuannya 1/detik atau 1/sekon ( s-1 )
Pemantulan dari suatu gelombang terjadi jika gelombang melalui suatu rintangan atau hambatan, misalnya benda padat, maka gelombang tersebut akan dipantulkan. Pemantulan ini merupakan salah satu sifat dari gelombang.
Gelombang transversal adalah gelombang yang arah gangguannya (arah getarannya) tegak lurus terhadap arah merambat gelombang. Gambar gelombang transversal sebagai berikut :
Istilah-istilah dalam gelombang transversal :
*Puncak gelombang adalah titik tertinggi pada gelombang (misal b dan f)
*Dasar gelombang adalah titik-titik terendah pada gelombang (misal d dan h)
*Bukit gelombang adalah lengkungan obc atau efg
*Lembah gelombang adalah cekungan cde atau ghi
*Amplitude (A) adalah nilai mutlak simpangan terbesar yang dapat dicapai oleh partikel (misal b b1 atau d d1)
*Panjang Gelombang (λ) adalah jarak antara dua puncak berurutan (misal bf ) atau jarak antara dua dasar berurutan (misal dh)
Gelombang transversal merambat pada medium padat karena gelombang ini membutuhkan medium yang relatif kaku untuk merambatkan energi getarnya. Jika medium tempat merambat tidak kaku, partikel medium akan saling meluncur. Dengan demikian, gelombang transversal tidak dapat merambat dalam medium fluida (zat cair dan gas).
Gelombang transversal dapat diperoleh dengan menarik sebuah slinki dalam arah horizontal, kemudian menggetarkan ujung slinki ke atas dan ke bawah, energi getaran tersebut akan dipindahkan dari ujung yang satu ke ujung yang lain dan terbentuklah gelombang. Pada saat energi getaran berpindah, medium tempat gelombang merambat bergerak ke atas dan ke bawah sehingga gerak medium tersebut tegak lurus terhadap gerak gelombang.
Wave, If we talk about the wave then discussed the first time must have been all sorts of waves themselves. As for the kinds of waves themselves are transverse waves, longitudinal waves, stationary waves, electromagnetic waves, and many others.
At issue this time, we will discuss about the transverse waves. Before we discuss what is a transverse wave, we first need to know the meaning of the wave. Is a form of vibration waves that propagate in a medium. Wave occurs because of the harassment that propagate. According to the concept of physics, is a reflection of the wave propagation of fault-finding, while the medium remains. Thus, the wave propagation without energy transfer followed by removal of the mass medium.
Transverse Wave
Wave, If we talk about the wave then discussed the first time must have been all sorts of waves themselves. As for the kinds of waves themselves are transverse waves, longitudinal waves, stationary waves, electromagnetic waves, and many others.
At issue this time, we will discuss about the transverse waves. Before we discuss what is a transverse wave, we first need to know the meaning of the wave. Is a form of vibration waves that propagate in a medium. Wave occurs because of the harassment that propagate. According to the concept of physics, is a reflection of the wave propagation of fault-finding, while the medium remains. Thus, the wave propagation without energy transfer followed by removal of the mass medium.
For more details see the image below:
Examples of transverse waves:
- Vibration of a plucked gitas ray
- Vibrations that shake the rope on one end
In transverse waves, one wavelength consists of 3 vertices and 2 stomach. The distance between two nodes or two successive stomach is called a half or ½ wavelength λ (lambda). While the rapid propagation of a is the distance traveled by the wave in one second. Fast wave propagation is denoted by v and the unit m / s or m s-1. Relations v, f, λ, and T is:
λ = v.T
λ = v / f
v = λ.f
with,
λ = wavelength, units are meters (m)
v = speed of wave propagation, the units meters / second (ms-1)
T = wave period, the units of seconds or seconds (s)
f = wave frequency, or 1/seconds 1/seconds unit (s-1)
Reflection of a wave occurs when the wave through a barrier or obstacle, such as solids, then the wave will be reflected. This reflection is one of the properties of the wave.
Transverse wave is the wave of the disturbances (vibration direction) perpendicular to the direction the wave propagates. Images of transverse waves as follows:
- Vibration of a plucked gitas ray
- Vibrations that shake the rope on one end
In transverse waves, one wavelength consists of 3 vertices and 2 stomach. The distance between two nodes or two successive stomach is called a half or ½ wavelength λ (lambda). While the rapid propagation of a is the distance traveled by the wave in one second. Fast wave propagation is denoted by v and the unit m / s or m s-1. Relations v, f, λ, and T is:
λ = v.T
λ = v / f
v = λ.f
with,
λ = wavelength, units are meters (m)
v = speed of wave propagation, the units meters / second (ms-1)
T = wave period, the units of seconds or seconds (s)
f = wave frequency, or 1/seconds 1/seconds unit (s-1)
Reflection of a wave occurs when the wave through a barrier or obstacle, such as solids, then the wave will be reflected. This reflection is one of the properties of the wave.
Transverse wave is the wave of the disturbances (vibration direction) perpendicular to the direction the wave propagates. Images of transverse waves as follows:
Terms in the transverse wave:
* Peak is the highest point on the wave of the wave (eg b and f)
* Primary waves are the lowest points on the wave (eg, d and h)
* Hill is the curvature of the wave OBC or efg
* Valley of the wave is hollow CDE or ghi
* Amplitude (A) is the largest deviation absolute value that can be achieved by a particle (eg, b or d d1 b1)
* Wavelength (λ) is the distance between two consecutive peaks (eg bf) or the distance between two consecutive base (eg dh)
Transverse waves propagating in a solid medium for these waves requires a medium that is relatively stiff to merambatkan vibration energy. If the propagating medium is rigid, medium particles will each slide. Thus, transverse waves can not propagate in a fluid medium (liquid and vapor).
Transverse wave can be obtained by drawing a slinki in the horizontal direction, then vibrate the tip slinki upwards and downwards, the vibration energy is moved from one end to the other and formed a wave. At the time of vibrational energy to move, the medium where waves propagate upward and downward so that the motion of the medium is perpendicular to the wave motion.
* Peak is the highest point on the wave of the wave (eg b and f)
* Primary waves are the lowest points on the wave (eg, d and h)
* Hill is the curvature of the wave OBC or efg
* Valley of the wave is hollow CDE or ghi
* Amplitude (A) is the largest deviation absolute value that can be achieved by a particle (eg, b or d d1 b1)
* Wavelength (λ) is the distance between two consecutive peaks (eg bf) or the distance between two consecutive base (eg dh)
Transverse waves propagating in a solid medium for these waves requires a medium that is relatively stiff to merambatkan vibration energy. If the propagating medium is rigid, medium particles will each slide. Thus, transverse waves can not propagate in a fluid medium (liquid and vapor).
Transverse wave can be obtained by drawing a slinki in the horizontal direction, then vibrate the tip slinki upwards and downwards, the vibration energy is moved from one end to the other and formed a wave. At the time of vibrational energy to move, the medium where waves propagate upward and downward so that the motion of the medium is perpendicular to the wave motion.
